Roles of general versus second language (L2) knowledge in L2 reading comprehension

We examined the roles of metacognitive awareness of reading strategies, syntactic awareness in English, and English vocabulary knowledge in the English reading comprehension of Chinese-speaking university students (n = 278). Results suggested a two-factor model of a General Reading Knowledge factor (metacognitive awareness employed during the English reading process) and a Second Language (L2) Specific Knowledge factor (comprising vocabulary knowledge and syntactic awareness) offered the best fit to the data; 87% of the variance in reading comprehension was explained by the two factors together. L2 Specific Knowledge was a stronger predictor of reading comprehension than metacognitive awareness. A multigroup analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling to compare poor-reader and good-reader groups. The correlation between the L2 Specific Knowledge and metacognitive awareness and their relations to reading comprehension was the same across groups.